Mustard (Sinapis alba or Brassica nigra) seeds are packed with glucosinolates (such as sinalbin and sinigrin) and the enzyme myrosinase. When the seeds are crushed and mixed with warm water, myrosinase converts the glucosinolates into allyl isothiocyanate. This volatile oil acts as a powerful local rubefacient and counter-irritant, dilating local capillaries, drawing blood to the surface, and warming tissues to relieve deep congestion and musculoskeletal pain.
Educational information only — never stop or change a prescribed medication without talking to your prescriber first.
CRITICAL: Do not apply mustard paste directly to bare skin without a cloth barrier, and never leave it on for more than 15 minutes, as it can cause severe blistering or skin irritation. Wash hands thoroughly after preparation and avoid contact with the eyes.
Evidence level: Moderate
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